Analyse the ways in which the themes of intimidation Essay

Analyse the ways in which the themes of intimidation and persecution are presented in the crucible.  In Arthur Miller’s play, he uses a lot of intimidation and persecution. Intimidation means that someone is made small, powerless and weak. Persecution is when someone is being hurt or picked on because of their race, religion, appearance, political views or if their different to everyone else. Intimidation and persecution link to the play as people were being accused of witchcraft and they felt powerless and hurt, as they were different in some way. Take Tituba for example, she was made powerless and was whipped because of her race and her status. Miller presents the play as an allegory, which has an underlying meaning as well as a literal meaning. Firstly, the underlying meaning is the McCarthy trials towards the communists, and people lost their lives over a dishonest politician. Secondly, the literal meaning is the witch trials in Salem and people lost their lives all because of lies. They both link as people lost their lives over silly things. The Historical context is about Salem and the witch trials; The Crucible took place in the 17th century in Salem. Girls felt ill in Massachusetts, no one could explain the illness so everyone thought it was the devil and witchcraft. There were many puritans who blamed the devil and often blamed people of devil worshiping if they took part in sinful activities such as dancing. Many people were accused of being a witch with no evidence; nineteen people and two dogs were convicted and hanged. One man was crushed to death as he refused to admit he was a witch. To avoid being accused of being a witch they said that there neighbour. The girls felt better and the hysteria died down. The Literary context is about Miller and McCarthyism; McCarthyism is making accusations of disloyalty, of pro-communist activity, in many instances unsupported by proof or irrelevant evidence. Joseph McCarthy led America to become anti-communists, as communism was Russian. America was scared of Russia because of the cold war. McCarthy put many people on trial including Miller, he was accused of being a communist as he refused to answer questions. These link to the three scenes I have chosen as they show the history, such as the girls were ill, witchcraft, devils and deaths. Miller also links the literary context to the three scenes I have chosen, such as McCarthyism and trials.  Firstly I have chosen Act 1. Miller presents intimidation from the beginning of the scene, â€Å"I- do believe there was some movement-in the soup.† This shows Parris is being intimidated as the stage directions in front said fearful; you can tell he is fearful as the quotation has hyphens, which indicates a shocked pause. Abigail’s cousin, Betty, is in bed felling ill. Hale is desperate to know if the devil is involved. Abigail blames Tituba, â€Å"I never call him! Tituba, Tituba†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Abigail is persecuting Tituba as she has a lower status then her. There is an ellipsis at the end of the quotation; this shows that there is a pause. Abigail and Hale spoke about what happened in the forest. Abigail lies â€Å"I never sold myself! I’m a good girl! I’m proper girl!† Miller shows Abigail is getting angry because there are explanation marks at the end of each sentence. It is dramatic irony, the audience know that Abigail had an affaire with John but the characters don’t. Tituba then enters the room; Abigail then blames Tituba again, â€Å"She makes me drink blood! †¦She makes me laugh at prayer!† Miller shows Abigail persecuting Tituba as she treats her unfairly because of her race and status, she also uses Tituba to cover up her story. Hale now thinks that Tituba has sent her spirit upon Betty. Tituba disagrees, â€Å"I love me Betty!† Tituba is getting angry; it also shows Tituba getting annoyed because there’s an explanation mark in the quotation. Tituba’s pronouns are mixed up because she’s from the Caribbean. Parris wants Tituba to confess, â€Å"You will confess yourself or I will take you out and whip you to your death, Tituba!† This shows Parris was persecuting Tituba as he was going to hurt her. You can tell he was shouting, as there’s an explanation mark at the end of the quote. Tituba loses her power â€Å"terrified falls to her knees† Tituba’s scared she doesn’t want to get hurt so she falls on her knees with no power and confesses, this is intimidation as she feels small and is literarily small, she wants someone to comfort her like her childhood. Tituba lies to save her life. Hale is trying to get answers out of Tituba, â€Å"Who came to you with the devil? Two? Three? Four? How many?† Hale is asking short questions to find out about the devil, before the quote stage directions said kindly this shows Hale wasn’t trying to scare Tituba. Tituba is getting all the attention and Abigail is jealous â€Å"I want to open myself †¦ I want the light of God† Abigail has changed her mind as earlier Abigail said she never called the devil. Then Betty wakes and started shouting names that she supposedly saw with the devil. The curtain falls with hysteria.

Designing For Usability Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Designing For Usability - Essay Example This report covers a comprehensive assessment of the usability test of the website: http://www.cusu.org/. This analysis report will offer a deep insight into the application of testing methods, analysis of the factors of usability for testing, assessment of usability issues in website, recommendations for improving the website’s usability and synopsis of usefulness of the method we chose for overall website analysis. This report will be based on the views of three different users. This report will present the website analysis from views of three users JAMES, ALEX and SMITH. In order to get the views of these users a questionnaire will be used. This questionnaire will be attached in Appendix A. ... These questioners are presented in APPENDIX A. Coaching Method This method is extensively used for conducting usability tests. Seeing that, this method involves the users who can inquire about the system-related issues. Thus, in this method system users will work as trainer. In this report we will use this method for assessing http://www.cusu.org/ for the information requirements of various users in an attempt to offer improved guidance as well as certification, in addition to refurbish the user interface to reduce the need for inquiries. However, it can be done by using questionnaire and distributing it to the website users or analyzers for the enhanced and better assessment of the website (UsabilityHome, 2010) and (Dix et al., 1998). Performance Measurement The next method that we will use will require getting quantitative data regarding test contestants’ execution or performance as those are carried out on the website working all through usability test. However, in order to apply this testing method we will require describing the objectives for the usability testing in scenario of usability features. Moreover, in case of application of such usability testing method we will need to specify the prime usability issues regarding website through dimensions like that users learning time, efficient communications, faults rate, etc (UsabilityHome, 2010) and (Dix et al., 1998). USABILITY TEST FOR THE WEB SITE This section is about the assessment of main parameters of the usability regarding http://www.cusu.org/ website. Here I will assess some of the main functioning and working aspects of the website through the possible working and operational assessments: (Nielsen, 2005), (Dix et al., 1998) and (Kyrnin, 2011) In this section I will

How Antibotic Resistance occurs and Prevention of Resistance Essay

How Antibotic Resistance occurs and Prevention of Resistance - Essay Example The situation is so serious that some medical experts have suggested the fact that the medical field might again fall into the dark period where there were no antibiotics (Davies & Davies 2010). Antibiotic resistance is a serious medical issue that is led to by many reasons and many drug resistance strains have of bacteria have resulted for example the strains of Neisseria gonorrhea. Antibiotic resistance has evolved owing to many underlying causes. Human activities have been a major cause. These include the utilization of antibiotics regularly for agricultural purposes and the disposing of wastes containing a high quantity of the antibiotics. Treatment plans for wastewater are also seen to have high quantities of genes and resistant bacteria. The incorrect use of antibiotics is another reason for the formation of drug resistant strains of bacteria. Genetic changes are the most common reason for the creation of resistance strains. The most common mutations are noted in the genes that code for the ÃŽ ²-lactamase enzymes. Intrinsic resistance is another process which results in resistant bacterial strains. This results as the genetic code of certain bacteria already possesses the capability of forming new resistant strains. Certain bacteria already possess the ability of preventing the functioning of antibiotics and hence this is also a cause of antibiotic resista nce (Davies & Davies 2010). Neisseria gonorrhea is a common bacterial agent which has had many genetic changes that have resulted in making many antibiotics ineffective in its treatment. Sulfonamides were considered to be the best treatment for gonorrhea but after a short period of their usage resistant strains of this bacteria came forward. Gonococcus bacteria have the capability to adapt to changes in their surrounding and undergo changes which is the reason for the

Purposes and Benefits of Strategic Planning Essay

Purposes and Benefits of Strategic Planning - Essay Example Another purpose is that it doesn't allow the firm to get distracted by the prevailing conditions whether good or bad, it is a job of Manager who has done strategic planning of the firm to ensure that all the necessary activities are carried out in a planned way so that no obstruction occurs. "Strategic objectives are normally ones to be achieved over the medium to long term. They may be financial such as a certain increase in earnings per share or non financial such as a percentage increase in market share. In theory they should be capable of being quantifiable and hence susceptible to measurement" (p. 11) "In business strategy involves forming a path for the organization to follow that will lead to products or services that customer will want. This will usually mean some kind of new departure for the business, requiring the leader to implement various tactics or sub-strategies. These tactics are usually set out in the component parts of the business plan" (Hoddler, Stoughton, 2003: 20). The strategic planning process consists of two phases, the first one is strategy formulation stage, and the second one is strategy implementation stage, in the first phase we have to identify mission and strategic goals of business, of course when someone wouldn't know where someone is going, how could someone will get courage of moving forward, the second thing we have to care about is conducting competitive analysis, here we have to analyze the company's strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT Analysis), than the last part of first phase appears in which there is a need of developing specific strategies, the three of them are corporate, business and functional levels of strategies. In the corporate level of strategy, which tells about what businesses the organization will operate and how resources would be allocated, the second one is business level strategy that tries to define the best means of competing within a business, it also supports the corporate level stra tegy, the third one is the functional level strategy which focuses on the specific action plans for managing a specific functional area within a business, it supports the business level strategy. The second phase of planning process is strategy implementation stage in which all that is planned previously is implemented on actual situations, it means exactly to evaluate the plans and control afterwards where required. Difference between Strategic and short- term planning As mentioned earlier, the Strategic Planning is a long term planning, it consists of time that is longer than one year, more formally such planning is done while considering all the past records and resources that the company or organization has, the strategic planning is basically coping with the company's "strategy Formulation" stage in which the company has more concerns on its mission and goal statement, its SWOT analysis and other specific

Answer The 5 Questions Provided Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Answer The 5 Questions Provided - Essay Example For instance, in more mature markets, values such as prestige hold more sway than in less mature markets, where such things as fuel efficiency and overall cost of ownership are more important product values. So again the marketing has to be somewhat targeted to different markets rather than general or standardized for all markets. There are country arrangements such as those that exist between North and South Korea that involve the latter limiting imports of fresh produce and other farm products from the former. This hurts South Korea too, given that in general the country benefits from having more ample food sources from more places, in the same way that it hurts North Korea’s ability to make profits from its agricultural work. The idea too is that North Korea may be in a position to supply farm produce at lower prices, introducing some competition to improve farming methods and yields at home for South Korea (Yonhap News Agency). Between American and France there is a world of cultural differences and attitudes surrounding feminine values, especially with regard to what they wear, and the same applies to certain apparel, such as blue jeans. In France there is a sensitivity to blue jeans being an American product, and there may be some fashion resistance springing from France’s proud culture to the adoption of blue jeans among women. On the other hand in America there is no adoption and acceptance problem of the kind that may be present in France. Therefore in magazine advertising in particular these cultural influences, of jaded attitudes towards garments that have heavy American connotations, there has to be sensitivity to crafting messages that tone down the American elements of blue jeans in France. Recent moves by government in Colombia point toward the further strengthening of the government institutions in the country, which augur well for the

Pelvic Floor Literature review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Pelvic Floor - Literature review Example This study shall discuss the importance of pelvic floor exercises for the antenatal mother. It shall consider literature on this topic on the benefits of pelvic floor exercises. It shall also discuss possible recommendations for the use of pelvic floor exercises in the future practice. This study is being carried out in order to establish a clear and comprehensive understanding of the current subject matter. Discussion In a paper by Reilly, et.al., (2003) the authors set out to establish whether the supervised pelvic floor exercises during the prenatal period would decrease postpartum stress incontinence in primigravida mothers with bladder neck mobility. Their study was carried out as a single blind and randomized controlled trial in the prenatal clinic in a UK NHS Trust Hospital. It covered about 260 primigravida mothers seeking prenatal care in the clinic at about 20 weeks gestation with bladder neck mobility (Reilly, et.al., 2003). The study called for the respondents to attend s upervised pelvic floor exercises as assisted by a physiotherapist on a monthly basis from 20 weeks of pregnancy. The control group did not undergo any pelvic floor exercises. The study revealed that, as compared to the control group, less postpartum stress incontinence was reported by women who underwent supervised pelvic floor exercises. ... In another study Morkved and colleagues (2003) set forth that urinary incontinence is a major health issue which often decreases the quality of people’s lives. Risk factors for this condition include pregnancy and vaginal delivery. Their study set out to establish whether intensive pelvic floor muscle training during pregnancy could prevent urinary incontinence. The authors carried out their study as a single-blind randomized controlled trial at the Trondheim University Hospital with about 300 nulliparous women who were assigned to undergo either pelvic floor exercises muscle training program or no pelvic floor training at all (Morkved, et.al., 2003). The study revealed that there were fewer women in the training group who experienced urinary incontinence at 36 weeks of pregnancy and 3 months after their delivery. The study established that the intensive pelvic floor exercises assisted in preventing urinary incontinence among women during and after pregnancy. In a study by Oli veira, et.al., (2007) the authors set out to assess the impact of pelvic floor muscle training among 46 pregnant women. The authors divided the women into 2 groups, the exercise and the control group. The assessment of the pelvic floor muscle was carried out through the digital vaginal palpation via the strength scale. The study revealed that the pelvic muscle strength became stronger for women in both groups during the pregnancy period; however it proved to be stronger among women in the exercise group (Oliveira, et.al., 2007). The authors concluded that through pelvic muscle floor training, an increase in the pelvic floor muscle pressure and strength at pregnancy was made possible. This is an important development for pregnant women because stronger pelvic muscles help ease the delivery

Corporate Social Responsibility Essay Example for Free

Corporate Social Responsibility Essay To what extent is Corporate Social Responsibility beneficial to a company’s performance? In the 21st century, Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has become an important, if not essential, for businesses. In addition to basic law compliances, the focus of the consumers as well as the business world now include the impact the company has on the society and on the way they use recourses (Davis, 2010). CSR has become a contributing factor to a company’s financial performance. This is supported by the issued figures of sizeable direct contribution from CSR to a company’s profitability (International Corporate Social Responsibility Conference, 2006) from analysis of notable companies. CSR is believed to have assisted companies both externally and internally. 70% of European consumers express that they are ready to pay more on goods produced by socially responsible companies (CSR Magazine Europe, 2000). On the other hand, CSR is suggested to be one of the qualities employees would like to seek. As Copeland (2003), former CEO of Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu has highlighted, the best professionals in the world want to work for companies that exhibit good corporate citizenship. This essay aims at advocating Corporate Social Responsibility as a beneficial policy to a company’s performance through improving customers’ perceptions and employees’ work performances, and thus, can possibly result in a boost of company’s performance, particularly financially. A company’s revenue is mostly generated from customers. The Service-Profit Chain stated that customer value is one of the two factors that will heighten a company’s revenue and hence the company’s profitability( Zeithamal Bitner, 2003). Therefore, a company’s financial performance is affected by how customers value a company’s products. CSR is believed to be a factor that adds value to the product as well as the overall reputation of a corporation. According to Cone Communication (2012), 82 percent of consumers state that they are more likely to purchase a product that clearly demonstrates the results of the companys CSR initiatives. Further more, in the survey conducted by Woolley (2012) that make comparisons between two similar products, the Coca-Cola and Pepsi Cola; over half of the respondents say that they would switch to the alternative provided if it offers more in terms of CSR. In fact, CSR influences consumers’ decision in a way that they tend to be in favor of their company than the competitors that are doing poorly in terms of social responsibility. This creates loyal customers. Hallowell and Schlesinger (2000) illustrated that customer loyalty drives company’s profitability by minimizing marketing and operating cost. Those are achieved through consumers’ confidence with the company’s products, word of mouth and familiarization of the company’s operation system. This results in a higher profit for the company. While the gain from maintaining a good reputation through CSR initiatives may not seem evident, the adverse effect by a socially irresponsible decision on a com pany’s revenue is much easier to observe. In 1980s, Nestle, the world’s largest producer of breast milk substitutes was boycotted because of its infant formula and way of unethical marketing, which contributed to the unnecessary death and suffering of infants in developing countries. The boycott was widespread globally and Buffle (1986, p. 13) estimates $770 million to $ 1540 million sales were lost. It shows that corporations who are being socially irresponsible may have to face severe consequences, including decrease in profits, damaged reputation and lower preferences. To conclude, CSR is likely to uplift a company’s image in customers’ perceptions, earn a higher preference and improve a company’s performance, which mostly will reflect directly from its higher revenue and profitability. CSR benefits a company not only externally but also internally; not only by increasing revenue but also decreasing costs across various aspects. Good CSR practices can help to attract new and talented employees. According to the research by the resourcing communication agency Tenney Clemons Saarelainen (TCS), 44% of employees express an organization’s CSR policy is likely or very likely to affect their decision to apply for a job within that organization. This may result in a lower advertising cost for hiring. Further more, cost of retaining staff can also be reduced by enhancing morale and hence commitment to the corporation. As CSR initiatives within a company includes providing employees’ a work life balance, a safe and more comfortable work place and being environmental friendly in the office, these require employees’ participation and team building. Sharma and Devi (2009) argued that it helps to build positive team spirit in the organization and creates a ‘winning’ environment at the workplace. The dedication from the directors will also result in improving employees’ satisfaction. This is reinforced by the investigation result by Rittippant.N, Tangthuttong.A, Sinyodyeam.J and Aurjongmanee.A (2011) which stated that there is a positive significant relationship between organizational’ members perception of CSR and organizational commitment, which is coherent with the previous studies. On the other hand, Heskett et al (1994) stated that satisfied employees are more productive and produce a higher service value. With more satisfied employees from the well-organized CSR initiatives, a company is expected to be more efficient and thus fewer wastage and errors. The improved quality of services is expected to delight consumers and increase their satisfaction, which can further enhance the value of products. Conclusion In order to heighten a company’s revenue and hence the company’s profitability, increasing revenue or cutting costs can be one of the solutions. Corporate Social Responsibility benefits a company in the way that it may achieve both options at the same time. On one hand, it is likely to be able to enhance the image of the company and increase customers’ preferences, and achieve higher revenue; on the other hand, it tends to reduce operating costs on advertising, retaining employees and wastage for corporates. The combination of increasing revenue and decreasing cost may result in a boost of the company’s financial performance. By analyzing how customers and employees react towards socially irresponsible behaviors by companies, it is observed that both customers and employees have become more and more engaged in CSR. According to Strandberg (2002), one of the top trends around which there is consistent agreement is the increasing importance of stakeholder engagement in the future of CSR. However, whether or not there would be a conflict of interests between CSR and marketing strategies, operating strategies or human resources strategies is yet to be explored.